[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.stuare.cz\/historie-letani-horkovzdusnym-balonem\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.stuare.cz\/historie-letani-horkovzdusnym-balonem\/","headline":"Historie l\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed horkovzdu\u0161n\u00fdm balonem","name":"Historie l\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed horkovzdu\u0161n\u00fdm balonem","description":"Kdo by neznal horkovzdu\u0161n\u00fd balon. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 jaro se objevuj\u00ed na obloze a po cel\u00e9 l\u00e9to krou\u017e\u00ed nad krajinou. Mo\u017en\u00e1 n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed, […]","datePublished":"2021-12-29","dateModified":"2023-05-09","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.stuare.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.stuare.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/69d60390520d119f85d8cec6b8d4a182083b2d589719395da6bae47bff4b5efa?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/69d60390520d119f85d8cec6b8d4a182083b2d589719395da6bae47bff4b5efa?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"stuare.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.stuare.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/hot-air-balloons-g1da2bda33_640.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.stuare.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/hot-air-balloons-g1da2bda33_640.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.stuare.cz\/historie-letani-horkovzdusnym-balonem\/","about":["Technika\r"],"wordCount":387,"articleBody":"Kdo by neznal horkovzdu\u0161n\u00fd balon. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 jaro se objevuj\u00ed na obloze a po cel\u00e9 l\u00e9to krou\u017e\u00ed nad krajinou. Mo\u017en\u00e1 n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed, ti, co se neboj\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ek, u\u017e maj\u00ed i z\u00e1\u017eitek, jak se prolet\u011bli balonem vysoko na obloze. Jak\u00e1 je ale historie horkovzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho bal\u00f3nu a jak postupoval jeho v\u00fdvoj?\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Princip horkovzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho bal\u00f3nu tkv\u00ed v\u00a0Archimedov\u011b z\u00e1kon\u011b. Tepl\u00e1 kapalina nebo plyn m\u00e1 tendenci stoupat, studen\u00e1 naopak kles\u00e1. B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 balony jsou napln\u011bny tepl\u00fdm vzduchem, ty \u0159iditeln\u00e9, jako vzducholod\u011b, pak inertn\u00edm plynem heliem. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prvn\u00ed, velmi sledovan\u00fd, start bal\u00f3nu se uskute\u010dnil v\u00a0roce 1783 v\u00a0Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei. Jednalo se o bal\u00f3n brat\u0159\u00ed Montgolfi\u00e9r\u016f a na palub\u011b se nach\u00e1zela ovce, kachna a kohout. Od t\u00e9 doby byly bal\u00f3ny vyu\u017eity pro mnoh\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Nejobvykleji se s\u00a0n\u00edm setk\u00e1v\u00e1me jako se z\u00e1bavnou atrakc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 poskytuje v\u00fdlet do v\u00fd\u0161in, kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 rozhledy a ne\u010dekan\u00e9 z\u00e1\u017eitky. \u010casto je proto tak\u00e9 let balonem vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n jako dar pro bl\u00edzk\u00e9 kamar\u00e1dy nebo mil\u00e9 u\u010ditele jako projev d\u00edku. V\u00a0historii m\u011bly ov\u0161em balony i jin\u00e9 postaven\u00ed. V\u00a018. stolet\u00ed se b\u011b\u017en\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaly ve vojensk\u00e9 taktice. Bal\u00f3nem se dopravovaly r\u016fzn\u00e9 depe\u0161e a d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy z\u00a0okupovan\u00fdch m\u011bst, seshora tak mohly b\u00fdt pozorov\u00e1ny boje a posuny nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch vojsk nebo se s\u00a0nimi p\u0159\u00edmo voj\u00e1ci zapojovali do boj\u016f. Zeza\u010d\u00e1tku ale nebyly pokusy p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u0161\u0165astn\u00e9, jsou pops\u00e1ny ud\u00e1losti, kdy nedob\u0159e sestrojen\u00e9, net\u011bsn\u00edc\u00ed balony spadly do nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9ho le\u017een\u00ed a pasa\u017e\u00e9\u0159i v\u00a0nich se tak dostaly do zajet\u00ed. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rekordy, kter\u00fdch bylo pomoc\u00ed balonu dosa\u017eeno jsou mnoh\u00e9. Velmi pozoruhodn\u00fdm je v\u00fdstup Felixe Baumgartnera z\u00a0roku 2012, kter\u00fd se s\u00a0balonem dostal do v\u00fd\u0161ky 39\u00a0044 m. Odtud sesko\u010dil s\u00a0pad\u00e1kem a zdolal tak hned t\u0159i sv\u011btov\u00e9 rekordy. Za prv\u00e9 vystoupal s\u00a0balon nejv\u00fd\u0161e, za druh\u00e9 odtud, z\u00a0nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ky, sesko\u010dil s\u00a0pad\u00e1kem a p\u0159i tom p\u0159ekonal nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u00e1dovou rychlost (1324 km\/h) a stal se tak prvn\u00edm, kdo p\u0159ekonal p\u0159i p\u00e1du rychlost zvuku.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2.6\/5 - (8 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Historie l\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed horkovzdu\u0161n\u00fdm balonem","item":"https:\/\/www.stuare.cz\/historie-letani-horkovzdusnym-balonem\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]